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can successfully overwinter in the nest, emerging the following late April or May.This species takes 17 to 20 years or more to reach maturity. For additional information on the rare species, high-quality natural communities, and other endangered resources listed above,please see http://dnr.wi.qov/orq/land/er/biodiversity/. Section C. Follow-up actions Actions that will need to be taken to comply with state and/or federal endangered species laws: None required. There does not appear to be suitable habitat available for the Black-crowned Night Heron, Earleaf Foxglove, or Blanding's Turtle. Note that protection for plants varies with land ownership,project activity, and project funding. In general, plants are protected by endangered species laws only on public lands or if public funding is involved. See page 2 for details. If your project changes(e.g., a change in location, size, design, disturbance footprint and timing, or construction sequence), please call me to confirm that these results are still valid. Actions we recommend to help conserve Wisconsin's rare species and high-quality natural communities: Remember that although these actions are not required by state or federal endangered species laws, they maybe required by other laws, permits, granting programs, or policies of this or another agency. Examples include the federal Migratory Bird Treaty Act, Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act, State Natural Areas law, DNR Chapter 30 Wetland and Waterway permits, DNR Stormwater permits, and Forest Certification. • General information on the impacts of telecommunication towers on migratory birds:The construction of large, guyed telecommunication and broadcasting towers creates a significant impact on migratory birds. It is clear from existing tower mortality data from Wisconsin and elsewhere that such towers have caused substantial and chronic mortality and may be limiting populations. Migratory birds are protected by the federal Migratory Bird Treaty Act, and some species are also protected by the Bald and Golden Eagle Act. Recent research undertaken in Michigan and elsewhere indicates that the following factors influence bird and bat mortality: • Tower height: Avian mortality has been shown to increase with tower height, mainly because of the increased lighting and guy wires generally required by taller towers.Towers that fall within the normal zone of nocturnal bird migration (200m to 750m)due to their structural height and/or placement on elevated topography are believed to cause the greatest mortality. This tower will be 500'tall and as a result poses a high risk to migrating birds. • Guy wires: Most bird mortality at guyed towers occurs when the birds collide with the guy wires and not the tower itself.The studies that have compared guyed to freestanding towers have shown dramatically higher rates of mortality at guyed towers. • Tower designs using guy wires for support which are proposed to be located in known raptor or waterbird concentration areas or daily movement routes, or in major diurnal migratory bird movement routes or stopover sites, should have daytime visual markers on the wires to prevent collisions by these diurnally moving species. (For ER Review Log# 10-341 Page 4