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Plated as worst-case biaxial. Furthermore, the low received from Dr. Catherine Ainlonc of New Mexico
<br /> frequency (and potentially higher strain-producing 'Itch as well as citizens of Indiana.
<br /> - vibrtlon) found here (5.6 }k) is about as low as REFERENCES
<br /> could be expected for such close-in blasting(ref.9). 1, O'Rourke. M. Wing. I.. R. L. r•tuhcuttkc Rc_,pvnle oC Ruis31
<br /> on the other hind, the pipeline may not yet be fully �` - Prix. of the ASCE Gcotechnlc:tl Engineering Division
<br /> pip y y y ilxt9:tlty Confcrttncc. FartIigti a Engineering and Soil Dynamics.
<br /> coupled after only 6 months in the ground. The soil Pwdcna.CA.June 1973,
<br /> over the pipelines was softer than nearby undis- 2,liuff, Vv. L. Fete-rliamonett)ro RcsCuch_r_rngr j'Qj` i_c
<br /> curbed ground even after six months. '� i I2SltlLO P'clltt(cs R-r t:r t V Pit t c 3. U. S. Arnie Engineer
<br /> Waterways Experiment Station, Structures Laboratory. Report WLS 1•R
<br /> Blasting Criteria For PVC Pipeline SL-79-6.Vicksburg.MS,September 1979
<br /> Unlike the steel pipeline, the specified maximum 3•We c4te,B S..Esp:arrt,E.0.,Wenzel.A.b..III;tlysis,lJttt la-seine cif
<br /> pressure produces far less hoop stress []1:111 72 pet of PtRS lac. to Ogrjel11,12lt>:cl� nc'twnsrJsla• Southwest Research
<br /> p p htsdnue. rc)orb for the Pipeline Research Committee of American fiat
<br /> SMYS (table 5). It is likely that there is some other association.July 197tt•
<br /> limiting factor, such as the couplings. The strain cor 4. Espana, F.D..Wtittne,R S.. Wcnzcl,A. B.Lit) 1l kC Rc )x>n-e to
<br /> responding co the maximum operating pressure of mall Exalo Jve Detonatrirni, vol. I.-Sumnury Report. Southwest
<br /> h g P Rcknrch Iamitute. Final Report. A,C.A. Project PR-15-U)St SwRI
<br /> 160 lb/ins is 4800 pin/in, contrasting strongly with Project 02-5567 for the Pipeline Research Committee.of American(us
<br /> the yield failure strain of 17,500 pin/in. Again, a n.Scocl:attr>n,Aaagtut 1981.
<br /> rough estimate of particle velocity is possible from 5. Espana, E. D.P1Rc ilC�issaar)n.se to J31iislins:In Rock, Southwest
<br /> p Research ln.:cIntte.Final Report,A.G.A.Project PR 15-712,SwRI Project
<br /> the strain figures and a doubling for circumferential 06-1609 for the Pipeline Research Committee, of American Gas
<br /> strain, which was not monitored on the PVC. (In ret-
<br /> Association.September 1991.
<br /> rospect, it would have been better to forgo some 6. Enron Gas Pipeline Group. r�nw:011e 111181ttg Nctr Buick'
<br /> PJL'dims.Engineering Standards 7155.April 1985.
<br /> longitudinal gages for additional circumferential 7 Dowding, C. H. Wm VUUlr tttz0 M alto jp3L and Conttsal.
<br /> ones) Assuming a strain equal to 5 pet of that pro- Prctttice-Hall. 1985.
<br /> R.Slskind, D.E..Stagg•M.S.Blast Report I v csrl arlo,at s,:ar nn.
<br /> doted by pressurization, or 1.35 pct that of yield, asm.rure Fuune r , BuMlnc-s Rep ort of investigations 8X9 1985.
<br /> and the worst case maximum strain envelope (from Sa Slskind. D E.. Cnnn, S. V. Utterncss, R. E., Kopp, J. W
<br /> fig. 7), the corresponding peak particle velocity G"^u?:tntivr study of Plait Vibrations From Insli;lll:1 Surface Coal Mines
<br /> would be about 10 in/s. Because of the lack of actu- WtMinca Report of Investigations 12?6. 1989
<br /> al circumferential Strains, this level should be fur- This oracle Is Wing reprinted from the(Sell vm Agrtuul conference on
<br /> they reduced until more data are available. Possibly Erploswus titre elri<u, T«,�rultr<�: ,,�lrt FcGrrtury 1993. In Sun Dtc�o.
<br /> Cullnrnta•Tax•npIn(r ns and Wet'$cxpressrd w'v not ncc'saw ly tt>rr,rc rt/t w
<br /> users of PVC pipe have an environmental criterion Lttur'allunar Sot ety of Explosives Engineers nr Wu udlturs anti/or pub.
<br /> similar to the 18 pet SMYS suggested for steel. ushers ytba journal of Espirdlvoc Engineering.}bar responses,In tire form of
<br /> CONCLUSIONS letters to tic cdltor,are encouraged. >111,E<
<br /> f,F<
<br /> This paper describes a study of full-scale blast The Smallest Single
<br /> ing near pressurization pipelines and contains an
<br /> preliminary analysis of results. The authors expect Circuit 130 Detonator
<br /> to provide an additional comprehensive report Blasting Machine Available!
<br /> (BuMines RI, liken .with all measurements, addi-
<br /> tional analyses, and comparisons with other analyd- FIRES 130
<br /> cal studies and predictions. In the interim, it is sug-
<br /> gested that this 5 in/s be permitted for large mine ELECTRIC
<br /> blasts at Class B or better steel pipelines. Also those DETONATORS
<br /> of Class better PVC. It is suggested 9• •ss 6 or st ggested that this cri- Commercial or
<br /> tenon not be applied at construction sites if experi- �tit „,�..u•• •• ilitary, 1 ohm.
<br /> ence has shown that higher particle velocities are `: ��==" ' ,+•fired in a eingln
<br /> tolerable. Also, in the interim,no adjustment is need- ' :. a ' �.:yes, based on
<br /> ed for pipeline age assuming the protective coating ;. 0 FIR nr .•t;...;. • in 5 ms.
<br /> is intact and unless the pipeline is known to be at r ' .. �gE S+%� '��" ''.:
<br /> higher risk from previous damage or other cause. .... f •t" ,,t`
<br /> ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS om previous .y .a ,: L... - :
<br /> The authors wish to thank AMAX 1 n ....,. , " .;• x" ' ':;`�� '>':&_
<br /> r nd particular- ,,. ;.57,. 4 'sr : :.._•,• :r
<br /> ly John Brown for planning and sponsoring this • Pocket Sire: 4.1" x 1.3' x 3.6^ • Light Weight: 10 oz. (0.3 kg.)
<br /> study. John Wiegand of Vibronics provided invalu- (10.5 x 3.4 x 9.0 cm.) • Environmentally Sealed: Water
<br /> able field assistance with his own monitoring pro • Reliable: Blasting machine will and corrosion resistant pylon case
<br /> gram and shared his data generously. Willard Pierce charged or design 9voltat�e fully • time Charge:one second charge
<br /> of the Indiana Department of Natural Resources, 9 e using nee at alkaline .00ry
<br /> Division of Reclamation, assisted in the planning and wee 25 models available starting at $260.00
<br /> execution as well as monitoring activities from the RESEARCH ENERGY OF OHIO, INC.
<br /> regulatory standpoint. Ohio Valley Pipeline instilled Phone:(19)433-6103 •Fax:(419) 33-5728
<br /> the test Sections and Texas Gas Transmission for 25 roar,Internationally accepted standard end sequential
<br /> Company provided useful suggestions, sections of Drostln0 control systems.taste's.and accessories.
<br /> pipes and test results. Suggestions were also International Inquiries Welcome
<br />
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